Computerra: Quantum Computing

2025-07-02 17:46

Quantum applications are solutions that leverage the principles of quantum mechanics to process data and model complex systems at speeds unattainable for classical computing.

The potential of these technologies spans a wide range of industries, creating opportunities for both business and science to fundamentally transform approaches to solving computationally intensive problems.

However, the path to large-scale adoption is currently constrained by two critical technical barriers:

1. High error rates in qubit systems
2. The need to operate in extremely low-temperature environments

Pilot projects across different sectors already demonstrate that, as these obstacles are overcome, quantum technology could revolutionize both product development and cybersecurity.

The evolution of quantum computing is set to significantly impact data protection, forcing the industry to develop new encryption standards within the next decade.

Eduard Dolgalev, Director of Business Development for the CIS at Selecty, explains:

«Currently, Google Quantum AI and Google.org, together with XPRIZE and the Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipator (GESDA), have launched the three-year XPRIZE Quantum Applications competition, with a relatively modest $5 million budget. The goal is to develop practical quantum computing applications capable of solving real-world challenges in science, business, and the social sphere. The results will help determine the best ways to unlock the potential of quantum computing».

He notes that it is still premature to talk about large-scale quantum computer applications on the 5–10-year horizon, as there is no mass-production hardware base beyond pilot prototypes:

«Until critical issues—such as uncontrolled error growth during operation and the physical limitations of maintaining ultra-low temperatures—are resolved, it will be difficult to seriously discuss mass applications and the integration of qubit technologies into everyday life».

Once matured, quantum computing will radically transform data security and cryptography. According to Dolgalev, all current cryptographic algorithms would become vulnerable, as quantum computers can perform calculations many orders of magnitude faster than today’s systems.

«For instance, breaking Bitcoin keys would require about 1,500 qubits. IBM is already demonstrating processors with over 1,000 qubits, and the recently announced ‘LEGO-like’ modular architecture allows smaller qubit chips to be interconnected, reducing cumulative error effects and expanding computational capabilities.

The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) estimates that the global community has no more than ten years to develop and implement a new encryption standard that addresses the risks and realities of the quantum era».